Ndipo Nchifukwa Chiyani Ndizofunika Kwambiri?
'Deta yaikulu' ndi sayansi yatsopano ya kumvetsetsa ndi kulongosola khalidwe la umunthu podziwa zambiri za deta zosadziwika. Deta yaikulu imadziwika kuti 'predictive analytics'.
Kusanthula zolemba za Twitter, Facebook kudya, eBay zosaka, GPS trackers, ndi ATM makina ndi zitsanzo zazikulu deta. Kuphunzira mavidiyo a chitetezo, deta yamtunda, nyengo ya nyengo, obwera ndege, zipangizo zamakono a foni, ndi othamanga mtima pamtundu wina. Deta yaikulu ndi sayansi yatsopano yomwe imasintha sabata iliyonse, ndipo akatswiri ochepa chabe amamvetsa zonsezi.
Kodi Zitsanzo Zina za Zambiri Zambiri Zomwe Zili M'moyo Wosatha?
Ngakhale kuti mapulani aakulu a deta ndi osamveka bwino, pali zitsanzo zabwino zadongosolo lalikulu pa moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku wa anthu, makampani, ndi maboma:
Kulosera za kuphulika kwa kachilombo ka HIV: pakuphunzira deta ndi ndale, nyengo ndi dera, ndi deta yachipatala, asayansi tsopano akulosera kuti zizindikiro za matendawa zimakhala ndi masabata 4.
Kuwonera Kwaumphawi: Mbiri yayikulu ya polojekiti ya deta imapha anthu, okayikira, ndi achigawenga ku Washington, DC. Zonse monga njira yolemekezera wakufayo komanso ngati chidziwitso kwa anthu, polojekiti yaikuluyi ndi yosangalatsa.
Transit Travel Planning, NYC: Pulogalamu ya WNYC yowulutsa Steve Melendez inagwirizanitsa ndi subway schedule paulendo woyendayenda. Zolengedwa zake zimapangitsa anthu a ku New York kuti asinthe malo awo pamapu, ndipo kuneneratu nthawi yoyendetsa sitima ndi sitima yapansi panthaka kudzawonekera.
Xerox inachepetsa ntchito yawo: ntchito yamitima yapakati ndi yotopetsa. Xerox waphunzira mafomu a deta mothandizidwa ndi akatswiri a zamalonda, ndipo tsopano iwo akhoza kuneneratu kuti ntchito yothandizira yothandizira ikhoza kukhala ndi kampani yotalika kwambiri.
Kuwathandiza kutsutsana ndiuchigawenga: pophunzira zofalitsa, zolemba zachuma, kusungirako ndege, ndi chidziwitso cha chitetezo, kutsata malamulo kungathe kufotokoza ndi kupeza okayikirawo asanatero.
Kusintha malonda a malonda pogwiritsa ntchito ndemanga zamanema : anthu mofulumira komanso mofulumira kugawana malingaliro awo pa intaneti pa pub, restaurant, kapena gulu labwino. N'zotheka kuphunzira izi mamiliyoni a zolemba zamasewera ndi kupereka ndemanga kwa kampani pa zomwe anthu amaganiza za ntchito zawo.
Ndani Amagwiritsa Ntchito Zambiri Zambiri? Kodi Amachita Chiyani ndi Iwo?
Mabungwe ambiri a monolithic amagwiritsa ntchito deta yaikulu kuti asinthe malingaliro awo ndi mitengo kuti apititse patsogolo kukhutira kwa makasitomala.
- Mwachitsanzo, malo ogulitsa a Macy , amagwiritsa ntchito deta yaikulu kuti asinthe mitengo yawo pa ntchentche kwa zoposa 70 miliyoni. Amatumizanso maimelo apadera kwa makasitomala awo malinga ndi zomwe Macy amakhulupirira kuti ali nazo chidwi.
- Kuyankha kwa apolisi ku mabomba a Boston Marathon : pogwiritsira ntchito deta yaikulu kuti aphunzire mavidiyo ndi mafano oyang'anitsitsa, apolisi adatha kutsika mofulumira kufufuza kwawo kwa anthu omwe akukayikira.
- Morton's Steakhouse amagwiritsa ntchito Twitter kuti agulitse zidutswa zamalonda, kuphatikizapo kubwezeredwa kwa ndege ku New Jersey ya steta ya porterhouse ndi shrimp dinner.
- Visa amagwiritsa ntchito deta yaikulu kuti adziwe ndikugwira anthu achinyengo. Kusinthanitsa kwapadera kuno ndi kubisa mosavuta munthu wogwiritsa ntchito khadi la ngongole, koma poyang'ana mamiliyoni ambiri ochita zinthu mosamala, njira zachinyengo zimatha kupezeka.
- Facebook imagwiritsa ntchito deta yaikulu kuti igwiritse ntchito malonda . Mukamaphunzira mosamala makhalidwe anu a FB ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi, chidziwitso cha chikhalidwe cha anthu chimazindikira kwambiri zomwe mumakonda. Zotsatira zam'mbali zam'mbali zomwe mumaziwona pa Facebook yanu zimasankhidwa ndi zolinga zamakono komanso zovuta zomwe zakhala zikuwonetseratu makhalidwe anu a Facebook.
N'chifukwa Chiyani Deta Yaikuru Imakhala Yofunika Kwambiri?
Zinthu 4 zimapangitsa deta yaikulu kukhala yofunika:
1. Deta ndi yaikulu. Sizingagwirizane pa galimoto imodzi yokha , mocheperapo ndodo ya USB . Kuchuluka kwa deta kumaposa zomwe malingaliro aumunthu angazizindikire (kuganizira za megabytes biliyoni biliyoni, ndiyeno kuchulukitsa izo ndi mabiliyoni ambiri).
2. Deta ndi yosokoneza komanso yopanda ntchito. 50% mpaka 80% ya ntchito yaikulu ya deta ikusintha ndikuyeretsa nkhaniyo kuti ifufuze ndi yosankhidwa. Ndi akatswiri zikwizikwi okha padziko lathu lapansi omwe amadziwa momwe angachitire zimenezi. Akatswiriwa amafunikanso zipangizo zamakono, monga HPE ndi Hadoop, kuti achite ntchito yawo. Mwinamwake zaka khumi, akatswiri akuluakulu azadzidzidzi adzakhala olemera khumi ndi awiri, koma pakalipano, ndiwo mitundu yosawerengeka ya olemba komanso ntchito yawo akadali yovuta komanso yovuta.
3. Deta yakhala chinthu chofunika kwambiri ** chomwe chingagulitsidwe ndi kugulitsidwa. Malo ogulitsira malonda alipo pomwe makampani ndi anthu pawokha angathe kugula zinthu zamtundu wa zamalonda ndi zina. Zambiri za deta ndizochokera kumtambo, chifukwa ndi zazikulu kwambiri kuti zisagwirizane ndi diski iliyonse yovuta. Kugula deta kumaphatikizapo malipiro olembetsa pamene mumakolola mu famu yamapiri.
** Atsogoleri a zida zazikulu zamtundu ndi malingaliro ndi Amazon, Google, Facebook, ndi Yahoo. Chifukwa makampaniwa amatumikira mamiliyoni ochulukitsa anthu omwe ali ndi ma intaneti, ndizomveka kuti iwo adzakhala malo osonkhanitsira pamodzi ndi owona masomphenya akuluakulu a deta.
4. Zowonjezereka za deta yaikulu ndi zopanda malire. Mwinamwake madokotala tsiku lina adzaneneratu ziwawa za mtima ndi zilonda kwa milungu ingapo zisanati zichitike. Ndege ndi kuwonongeka kwa galimoto zingachepetsedwe ndi kulingalira koyambirira kwa deta yawo komanso magalimoto ndi nyengo. Chibwenzi cha pa Intaneti chikhoza kukhala bwino mwa kukhala ndi zidziwitso zazikulu za zomwe ndizogwirizana ndi inu. Oimba amatha kumvetsetsa zomwe nyimbo zimayimba ndizo zokondweretsa kwambiri kusintha kwa omvera. Opeza zakudya akhoza kudziwa momwe zakudya zogulidwa zogulitsa zimathandizira kapena kuthandiza chithandizo chamankhwala cha munthu. Pamwamba pangoyambidwa, ndipo zowoneka mu deta yaikulu imachitika mlungu uliwonse.
Big Data Is Messy
Deta yaikulu ndiyomwe ikuwonetseratu: kusinthidwa kwa deta yaikulu yosasinthika kukhala chinachake chosafufuzidwa ndi chosasinthika. Iyi ndi malo osokoneza komanso osokonezeka omwe amafunikira mtundu wapadera wa chidziwitso komanso kuleza mtima.
Mwachitsanzo, taganizirani ntchito yotumiza monolithic UPS. Olemba pulogalamu ya UPS yofufuza kuchokera ku GPS ndi mafoni awo oyendetsa galimoto kuti aone njira zabwino kwambiri zothetsera vutoli. Dera ili ndi GPS ndi data ya foni yamakono ndi galimoto, ndipo sizongokonzeka kusanthula. Deta iyi imatsanulira kuchokera m'mabuku osiyanasiyana a GPS ndi mapu, kupyolera mu zipangizo zosiyana siyana zamagetsi. Ofufuza a UPS akhala miyezi yosinthira deta yonseyi mu mawonekedwe omwe angathe kufufuzidwa ndi kusankhidwa. Khama lapindula, komabe. Lero, UPS yasunga magaloni okwana mamiliyoni 8 kuyambira pamene anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito zidziwitso zazikuluzikulu za deta.
Chifukwa chakuti deta yaikulu ndi yosokoneza ndipo imafuna khama lalikulu kuti likonzekere ndikukonzekera kugwiritsiridwa ntchito, asayansi a deta atchulidwa kuti 'data janitors' chifukwa cha ntchito yonse yovuta yomwe iwo amachita. A
Sayansi ya chidziwitso chachikulu ndi kufotokozera zowonongeka ikukula sabata iliyonse, ngakhale. Yembekezani deta yaikulu kuti aliyense apeze mosavuta chaka cha 2025.
Kodi Big Data siwopseza Kubisala?
Inde, ngati malamulo athu ndi chitetezo chaumwini payekha sichiyang'aniridwa mosamala, ndiye kuti deta yaikulu imalowetsa muzinsinsi zawo. Pomwe zikuyimira, Google ndi YouTube ndi Facebook zakhala zikuyendetsa zamakhalidwe anu pa intaneti tsiku ndi tsiku . Mafilimu anu ndi moyo wanu wa makompyuta amasiya zojambulajambula tsiku ndi tsiku, ndipo makampani opambana akuphunzira mapazi awo.
Malamulo ozungulira deta yaikulu akusintha. Ubwino ndizofunika kuti tsopano mutenge udindo wanu, popeza simungathe kuyembekezera kuti ndizosasinthika.
Chimene mungachite kuti muteteze chinsinsi chanu:
Gawo limodzi lalikulu lomwe mungatenge ndikutseka zizoloŵezi zanu za tsiku ndi tsiku pogwiritsa ntchito makina a VPN . Utumiki wa VPN udzasokoneza chizindikiro chanu kuti malo ndi malo anu azikhala osasunthika pang'ono kuchokera kwa omvera. Izi sizingakupangitseni inu 100% kuti musadziwike, koma VPN idzachepetsa kwambiri momwe dziko lapansi lingayang'anire zochitika zanu pa intaneti.
Kodi Ndingaphunzire Kuti Zambiri Zokhudza Big Data?
Deta yaikulu ndi chinthu chochititsa chidwi kwa anthu omwe ali ndi malingaliro ozindikira komanso okonda zamagetsi. Ngati ndiwe, chonde pitani tsamba ili lazinthu zazikulu zowonjezera deta.