Zolakwitsa Zodziwika Zomwe Zapangidwa M'dongosolo Lopangidwe

Kaya mukugwira ntchito ndi database yomwe imakhala ndi ma rekodi ambiri kapena zolemba zambirimbiri, kulumikizidwa kwadongosolo kumabuku nthawi zonse n'kofunika. Zidzakhala zosavuta kupeza zinthuzo mosavuta, komanso zidzakuthandizani kufalitsa mndandanda wa mndandanda m'tsogolo. Mwatsoka, zimakhala zosavuta kugwera mumsampha womwe ungapangitse zinthu kukhala zovuta mtsogolo.

Pali mabuku onse omwe amalembedwa pankhani ya normalizing a database, koma ngati mutangopewera zolakwika zomwe mukuzipeza, mudzakhala njira yolondola yopangira ma database.

Makhalidwe achinsinsi # 1: Kubwereza M'minda M'ndandanda

Lamulo lofunika kwambiri lachidindo chadongosolo labwino ndi kuzindikira maulendo obwereza ndikuyika zikhomo zomwe zikubwereza patebulo lawo. Kubwereza masitepe patebulo ndi wamba kwa iwo omwe abwera kuchokera ku dziko lamasamba, koma pamene mapepala apamwamba amakhala ophweka ndi mapangidwe, mazenera ayenera kukhala achibale. Zili ngati kupita kuchokera 2D kupita ku 3D.

Mwamwayi, kubwerezabwereza m'minda kumakhala kosavuta kuona. Yang'anani pa tebulo ili:

Kodi chimachitika n'chiyani ngati dongosolo liri ndi zinthu zinayi? Tifunika kuwonjezera gawo lina patebulo kuti tithandizire zoposa zitatu. Ndipo ngati tamanga chithandizo cha makasitomala kuzungulira tebulo kuti atithandize kuika deta, tingafunikire kusintha ndi malo atsopano. Ndipo timapeza bwanji malamulo onse omwe ali ndi ma Jellybeans mu dongosolo? Titikakamizidwa kuti tifufuze malo onse ogulitsa mu tebulo ndi mawu a SQL omwe angawoneke ngati: SELECT * FROM Products WHERE Product1 = 'Mafuta Odzola' OR Product2 = 'Mafuta Odzola' OR Product3 = 'Mafuta Odzola'.

M'malo mokhala ndi tebulo limodzi lomwe limaphatikiza mfundo zonse palimodzi, tiyenera kukhala ndi matebulo atatu omwe ali ndi chidutswa chodziwika bwino. Mu chitsanzo ichi, ife tikufuna tebulo la Malamulo ndi zokhudzana ndi dongosolo lokha, Patebulo la Zamalonda ndi zida zathu zonse ndi pulogalamu ya ProductOrders yomwe imagwirizanitsa mankhwala ndi dongosolo.

Tawonani momwe tebulo lililonse lili ndi gawo la ID lapadera. Ichi ndichinsinsi chachikulu. Timagwirizanitsa matebulo pogwiritsa ntchito chinsinsi chamtengo wapatali monga makiwo akunja mu tebulo lina. Werengani zambiri za mafungulo oyambirira ndi mafungulo akunja.

Chophweka Chachidindo # 2: Kusindikiza Gome M'ndandanda

Izi ndi zolakwika zina, koma sizimangokhala nthawi zonse mobwerezabwereza. Polemba deta, mukufuna kuonetsetsa kuti deta yonseyo ikugwirizanitsa. Ziri ngati masewera a mwana ameneyo ponena za kuwona zosiyana. Ngati muli ndi nthochi, sitiroberi, pichesi ndi televizioni, televizioniyi mwina ili kwinakwake.

Pakati pa mizere yomweyo, ngati muli ndi tebulo la anthu ogulitsa, zonse zomwe zili mu tebulolo ziyenera kulongosola mwachindunji kwa munthu wogulitsa. Zina zowonjezera zomwe sizingagwirizane ndi munthu wogulitsa uja zikhoza kukhala kwinakwake ku deta yanu.

Ngakhale tebulo ili likhoza kuwoneka ngati liri lonse lokhudzana ndi wogulitsa, liri ndi tebulo losakanizika mkati mwa tebulo. Onani momwe Office ndi OfficeNumber zimabwereza ndi "Austin Downtown". Bwanji ngati nambala ya foni ya foni isintha? Mudzafunika kusintha ma deta onse pa chigawo chimodzi cha kusintha kwa chidziwitso, chomwe sichiri chinthu chabwino. Masamba awa ayenera kusunthira ku tebulo lawo.

Kukonzekera kotere kukupatsanso inu kuwonjezera zowonjezera zowonjezera ku tebulo la Office popanda kupanga chiwonongeko chokhudzidwa pa tebulo la munthu wogulitsa. Tangolingalirani kuti zingakhale ntchito yaikulu bwanji kuti muzitsatira mbiri ya msewu, mzinda, dziko ndi zip code ngati zonsezi zinali mu tebulo la munthu wogulitsa!

Chida Chachidindo # 3: Kuyika Zigawo Zambiri Kapena Zambiri M'munda Wamodzi

Kusindikiza mauthenga a ofesi ku tebulo la munthu wogulitsa sikunali kokha kokha ndi database. Munda wa adiresi uli ndi zigawo zitatu zowunikira: adiresi, msewu ndi boma. Munda uliwonse mu databata uyenera kukhala ndi chidziwitso chimodzi. Mukakhala ndi zidziwitso zambiri m'munda umodzi, zingakhale zovuta kuti mumvetsetse deta yanu kuti mudziwe zambiri.

Mwachitsanzo, bwanji ngati tikufuna kuyendetsa funso pa anthu onse ogulitsa kuchokera ku Austin? Tifunika kufufuza m'munda wa adresse, zomwe sizingatheke, koma zingabweretse zambiri zoipa. Pambuyo pa zonse, chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati wina amakhala mumsewu wa Austin ku Portland, Oregon?

Nazi zomwe tebulo likuwoneka ngati:

Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe muyenera kuzilemba apa. Choyamba, "Address1" ndi "Address2" zingawoneke kuti zikugwera pansi pa zolakwika za m'minda.

Komabe, pakali pano iwo akunena za mbali zosiyana za deta zomwe zimagwirizana mwachindunji kwa munthu wogulitsa m'malo mobwereza gulu la deta lomwe liyenera kupita patebulo lake.

Ndiponso, monga kulakwitsa kwa bonasi kuti mupewe, zindikirani momwe kukonza kwa nambala ya foni yachotsedwa pa tebulo. Muyenera kupewa kusunga ma munda ngati kuli kotheka. Pankhani ya manambala a foni, pali njira zambiri zomwe anthu amalemba nambala ya foni: 215-555-5858 kapena (215) 555-5858. Izi zingapangitse munthu wogulitsa pogwiritsa ntchito nambala yawo ya foni kapena kufufuza kwa anthu ogulitsa kumalo omwewo movuta kwambiri.

Chida Chachidindo # 4: Osagwiritsa Ntchito Chinthu Chofunika Chachikulu

Nthawi zambiri, mufuna kugwiritsa ntchito chiwerengero chowonjezereka kapena chiwerengero china kapena alphanumeric kwachinsinsi chanu chachikulu. Muyenera kupeŵa kugwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso chenicheni kwachinsinsi chachikulu ngakhale zitamveka ngati zingapange chizindikiro chodziwika bwino.

Mwachitsanzo, ife tonse tili ndi nambala yokhudzana ndi chitetezo cha anthu, kotero kugwiritsa ntchito chiwerengero cha chitetezo cha anthu kwa malo ogwira ntchito angathe kumva ngati lingaliro loyenera. Koma ngakhale kuti ndizosatheka, ndizotheka ngakhale nambala yokhudzana ndi chitetezo cha anthu kusintha, ndipo sitikufuna kuti fungulo lathu loyamba lisinthe.

Ndipo vuto ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mfundo zenizeni monga mtengo wapatali. Ikhoza kusintha.

Chida Chachidindo # 5: Osagwiritsa Ntchito Msonkhano Wodziwika

Izi sizikumveka ngati chinthu chachikulu pamene mutangoyamba kupanga ndondomeko yanu, koma mutangofika polemba mafunso omwe akutsutsana ndi deta yanu kuti mutenge zambiri, kukhala ndi dzina la msonkhano kudzakuthandizani pamene mumagwiritsa ntchito maina awo pamtima.

Tangoganizirani momwe zingakhalire zovuta kwambiri ngati mayina asungidwa monga FirstName, Lastname mu tebulo limodzi ndi first_name, last_name mu tebulo lina.

Misonkhano ikuluikulu yotchulidwa kwambiri imatchula kalata yoyamba ya mawu onse m'munda kapena kupatulira mawu pogwiritsa ntchito mawu ochepa. Mukhozanso kuona otsatsa ena akulemba kalata yoyamba ya mawu onse kupatula mawu oyambirira: firstName, LastName.

Mudzafunanso kusankha kugwiritsa ntchito mayina amodzi kapena ma tablebulo ambiri. Kodi ndi tebulo la Dongosolo kapena tebulo la Malamulo? Kodi ndi gome la Ogulitsa kapena tebulo la Amalonda? Kachiwiri, simukufuna kukhala ndi ndondomeko ya Dongosolo ndi tebulo la Amalonda.

Msonkhano umene mumasankha si wofunikira monga momwe mungasankhire ndikugwiritsanso ntchito pamsonkhanowu.

Chophweka Chachidindo # 6: Zolemba Zowonjezereka

Kulongosola mwachidule ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zovuta kwambiri kuti zikhale zolondola, makamaka kwa zatsopano zomwe zapangidwa m'masitolo. Mafungulo onse oyambirira ndi mafungulo akunja ayenera kuwerengedwa. Izi ndi zomwe zimagwirizanitsa matebulo palimodzi, kotero popanda ndondomeko, mudzawona ntchito yosauka kwambiri kuchokera mumasamba anu.

Koma zomwe zikusowa nthawi zambiri ndizo masamba ena. Awa ndiwo minda "WHERE". Ngati nthawi zambiri mumachepetsa kufufuza kwanu pogwiritsa ntchito munda m'BAMBO LA WHERE, mukufuna kuganizira za kuika ndondomeko pamtunda umenewo. Komabe, simukufuna kufotokozera kwambiri tebulo, zomwe zingapweteketsenso ntchito.

Kodi mungasankhe bwanji? Ichi ndi mbali ya luso lojambula zithunzi. Palibe malire ovuta pa zingati zomwe mukufuna kuziyika pa tebulo. Kwenikweni, mukufuna kufotokoza munda uliwonse umene umagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri mu GAWO LOYAMBA. Werengani zambiri zokhudza kulembetsa bwino ndondomeko yanu.