Chifukwa chiyani mawebusaiti onse amamangidwa ndi kuphatikiza dongosolo, machitidwe, ndi makhalidwe
Chifaniziro chofanana chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kufotokoza chitukuko cha webusaiti yam'mbuyo ndikuti ziri ngati chophimba chala 3. Miyendo itatuyi, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti zigawo zitatu za kukula kwa intaneti, ndi Structure, Style, and Behaviors.
Zigawo Zitatu za Kukula kwa Webusaiti
- Makhalidwe kapena zosanjikiza
- Mapangidwe kapena zosanjikiza za tsamba la webusaiti ndizomwe zimakhazikitsidwa ndi HTML pa tsambali. Monga chimango cha nyumba chimapanga maziko olimba omwe nyumba yonseyo imamangidwa, motero maziko olimba a HTML amapanga nsanja yomwe webusaiti ikhoza kulengedwa. Mapangidwe a HTML akhoza kukhala ndi malemba kapena zithunzi ndipo zimaphatikizapo ma hyperlink omwe alendo angagwiritse ntchito kuyendayenda pa webusaitiyi.
- Zithunzi kapena zosanjikiza zosanjikiza
- Ndondomeko kapena zosanjikiza zowonjezera zimapereka momwe buku la HTML liyenera kuyang'ana kwa alendo a malo. Mndandandawu umatanthauzidwa ndi CSS (Zomwe Zimasintha Mafilimu). Mafayiwa ali ndi mafashoni omwe amasonyeza momwe vesili liyenera kuwonetsera mu msakatuli. Pa webusaiti ya lero, zojambulazo zingaphatikizepo Media Queries zomwe zingasinthe mawonedwe a tsamba kuchokera pazithunzi zosiyana siyana ndi zipangizo .
- Makhalidwe
- Makhalidwe otetezedwa ndi tsamba la webusaiti lomwe lingayankhe ntchito zosiyanasiyana kapena kusintha pa tsamba pogwiritsa ntchito zikhalidwe. Pa masamba ambiri a webusaiti, msinkhu wa khalidwe ungakhale machitidwe a JavaScript pa tsamba.
N'chifukwa Chiyani Muyenera Kulekanitsa Zigawo?
Pamene mukulenga tsamba la webusaiti, ndizofunikira kusunga zigawo zomwe zimagawanika momwe zingathere. Chikhalidwe chiyenera kukhazikitsidwa kwa HTML, maonekedwe anu ku CSS, ndi machitidwe ku malemba onse omwe malowa amagwiritsa ntchito.
Zina mwa ubwino wolekanitsa zigawo ndi:
- Zagawidwe zogawana
- Mukamalemba fayilo ya CSS kapena JavaScript fayilo, mungagwiritse ntchito fayilo ndi tsamba lililonse pa webusaiti yanu. Ngati mukufuna kusintha pa fayiloyi, mwina kuti musinthe ma typegraphic zojambula pa webusaitiyi, tsamba lirilonse lomwe limagwiritsa ntchito timapepala timeneti tidzasintha. Palibe chifukwa chokonzera tsamba lirilonse la webusaitiyi payekha, zomwe pa tsamba lalikulu zingakhale ntchito yowawa.
- Zotsatira zofulumira
- Pamene script kapena zojambulajambula zamasulidwa ndi makasitomala anu nthawi yoyamba, zimasungidwa ndi msakatuli wawo. Chifukwa chakuti zida zomwe zagawidwazi tsopano zili mu cache, masamba ena omwe akupatsidwa mu msakatuli mwamsanga, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti liwiro lonse la tsamba lizikhala ndi ntchito.
- Magulu a anthu ambiri
- Ngati muli ndi anthu oposa mmodzi ogwiritsira ntchito webusaiti nthawi imodzi, mungagwiritse ntchito machitidwe omwe "amayang'anamo" ndi "onani" maofesi kuti atsimikizire kuti aliyense pa timagulu akugwira ntchito ndi mawotchi atsopano. Izi ndi zovuta kwambiri kuchita ngati mafashoni ndi machitidwe akuphatikizidwa ndi zolemba zolemba.
- SEO
- Malo omwe ali osiyana bwino ndi kalembedwe ndi mawonekedwe amatha kukhala bwino kwa injini zofufuzira kuchokera kumalo amenewa omwe angathe kuthamanga bwino zomwe zili ndikumvetsetsa tsamba popanda kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi maonekedwe kapena machitidwe a khalidwe.
- Kufikira
- Mafilimu akunja akunja ndi ma fayilo a script amakhala ofikirika kwa anthu komanso kwa asakatuli. Chifukwa chakuti pali kusiyana komwe kwa kalembedwe ndi kapangidwe ka zinthu, mapulogalamu monga owerenga masewera akhoza kusonkhanitsa mosavuta zokhutira kuchokera kumalo osanjikiza popanda kugwidwa ndi mafashoni omwe sangawagwiritse ntchito.
- Kugwirizana kumbuyo
- Mukakhala ndi malo omwe apangidwa ndi zigawo zachitukuko, zidzakhalanso zomvera chifukwa oyang'anitsitsa kapena chipangizo chomwe sichigwiritsa ntchito makina ena a CSS kapena omwe angathe kukhala ndi JavaScript angathe kuona HTML. Webusaiti yanu ikhoza kukula pang'onopang'ono ndi zida zomwe zamasewera omwe amaziwathandiza.
HTML - Chigawo Chachigawo
Choyimira chimangidwe ndi kumene mumasunga zonse zomwe makasitomala anu akufuna kuwerenga kapena kuyang'ana. Izi zidzatchulidwa m'malemba ovomerezeka HTML5 ndipo akhoza kuphatikiza malemba ndi zithunzi komanso multimedia (kanema, audio, etc.). Ndikofunika kuonetsetsa kuti mbali iliyonse yazomwe zili patsamba lanu imayimilidwa muzithunzi zosanjikiza. Izi zimalola makasitomala onse omwe ali ndi JavaScript atsekedwa kapena omwe sangawone CSS kuti adzalandire webusaiti yathu yonse, ngati sizikugwira ntchito zonse pa webusaitiyi.
CSS - Mndandanda wa Masitala
Mudzapanga mafashoni anu onse owona pa webusaiti yanu pa tsamba lakunja. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito mawindo osiyanasiyana, koma kumbukirani kuti fayilo iliyonse ya CSS imafuna pempho la HTTP kuti lilowetse, likukhudzanso ntchito.
JavaScript - Chikhalidwe Chachikhalidwe
Javascript ndilofala kwambiri pachinenero chokhazikika, koma monga ndanenera poyamba, CGI ndi PHP zingakhalenso kupanga machitidwe a tsamba la webusaiti. Zomwe zikunenedwa, pamene otsogolera ambiri amasonyeza khalidwe losanjikiza, amatanthawuza kuti kusanjikiza komwe kumawonekera mwasakatuli pa Webusaiti - kotero JavaScript imakhala nthawizonse chinenero chosankha. Mumagwiritsa ntchito chingwechi kuti mugwirizane ndi DOM kapena Document Object Model. Kulemba HTML yoyenera mu zosanjikiza zokhudzana ndifunikanso kuyanjana kwa DOM muzokhazikika.
Mukamanga makhalidwe osanjikiza, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mafayilo osakanikirana monga CSS. Muli ndi ubwino wofanana wogwiritsa ntchito pepala lakunja.