A Ngram, omwe amadziwikanso kuti N-gram ndi kufufuza kwa malemba kapena mawu opezeka kuti apeze n (chiwerengero) cha mtundu wina wa chinthucho. Zingakhale zinthu zamtundu uliwonse, monga ma phonemese, prefixes, mawu, kapena makalata. Ngakhale kuti N-gram imakhala yosadziwika kunja kwa wofufuza, imagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyanasiyana, ndipo imakhudza kwambiri anthu omwe amapanga makompyuta omwe amamvetsetsa ndi kumayankhula ndi chilankhulidwe cha chilengedwe. Izi, mwachidule, zidzakhala chidwi cha Google mu lingaliro.
Pankhani ya Google Books Ngram Viewer, malemba oti afufuzidwe amachokera ku mabuku ochuluka a Google omwe adawerengedwa kuchokera ku malo osungirako mabuku kuti apeze injini yawo yosaka Google Books . Kwa Google Books Ngram Viewer, iwo amatchula zomwe mukufuna kuti mufufuze ngati "corpus." Mgwirizano wa Ngram Viewer wapatulidwa ndi chilankhulo, ngakhale mutha kuyesa Chingerezi cha British ndi American kapena mwapadera. Zimatha kukhala zokondweretsa kwambiri kuchoka ku mawu a British kupita ku America ndikuwona masinthidwe akusintha.
Kodi Ngram Amagwira Ntchito Bwanji?
- Pitani ku Google Books Ngram Viewer pa books.google.com/ngrams.
- Zinthu zili zovuta, mosiyana ndi ma Google Search, kotero onetsetsani kuti mumagwiritsa ntchito maina abwino.
- Sakani m'mawu aliwonse kapena mawu omwe mukufuna kuwunika. Onetsetsani kuti mulekanitse chiganizo chilichonse ndi chida. Google imati, "Albert Einstein, Sherlock Holmes, Frankenstein" kuti muyambe.
- Chotsatira, lembani muyeso wa tsiku. Zosasintha ndi 1800 mpaka 2000, koma pali mabuku atsopano (2011 anali atsopano omwe atchulidwa pazinthu za Google, koma izi zasintha.)
- Sankhani corpus. Mukhoza kufufuza malemba achilankhulo china kapena Chingerezi, komanso kuwonjezera pa zisankho zomwe mungasankhe, mukhoza kuzindikira zinthu monga "English (2009) kapena American English (2009)" pansi. Izi ndizopangidwa zakale zomwe Google zasintha, koma mukhoza kukhala ndi chifukwa china choyerekeza ndi zakale. Ambiri ogwiritsa ntchito akhoza kunyalanyaza iwo ndi kuganizira zofunikira kwambiri posachedwa.
- Sungani bwino. Kulira kumatanthauza momwe galasi imakhalira pamapeto. Chiwonetsero cholondola kwambiri chikhoza kukhala chophweka cha 0, koma izo zingakhale zovuta kuziwerenga. Chokhazikikacho chimaikidwa ku 3. Nthawi zambiri, simusowa kusintha.
- Dinani botani la Mabuku ambiri . (Mukhozanso kungolowera kulowa pakusaka kwanu.)
Ngram Ndi Chiyani?
Google Books Ngram Viewer idzatulutsa grafu yomwe ikuimira kugwiritsa ntchito mawu ena mu mabuku kupyolera mu nthawi. Ngati mwalemba mawu amodzi kapena amodzi, mudzawona mizere yojambulidwa ndi mitundu kuti mulekanitse mau osiyana siyana. Izi ndizofanana kwambiri ndi Google Trends , kokha kufufuza kumatenga nthawi yaitali.
Pano pali chitsanzo chenicheni cha moyo.Tinafuna kudziwa za viniga wa viniga posachedwapa. Amatchulidwa ku Nyumba ya Little Laura Ingalls Wilder pa Mndandanda wa Prairie , koma sitinamvepo kanthu kotero. Tinagwiritsa ntchito kafukufuku woyamba wa Google kuti tiphunzire zambiri za mapewa a viniga. Mwachiwonekere, iwo amalingaliridwa ngati gawo la American Southern cuisine ndipo kwenikweni amapangidwa kuchokera viniga. Amamvetsera nthawi zomwe sikuti aliyense anali ndi mwayi wopeza zipatso zatsopano nthawi zonse za chaka. Kodi ndi nkhani yonseyi?
Tinafufuza Google Ngram Viewer, ndipo pali zina zomwe zimatchulidwa pa pie kumayambiriro ndi kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1800, zambiri zomwe zimatchulidwa m'ma 1940, ndi chiwerengero chowonjezeka cha kutchulidwa m'zaka zaposachedwa (mwina chidziwitso cha pie.) Chabwino, pali ena vuto ndi deta pamtunda wowonongeka 3. Pali mapepala okhudza ma 1800s. Ndithudi panalibe chiwerengero chofanana cha papa imodzi chaka chilichonse kwa zaka zisanu? Chimene chikuchitika ndikuti chifukwa mulibe mabuku ochuluka omwe amalembedwa nthawi imeneyo, ndipo chifukwa chakuti deta yathu imayikidwa bwino, imasokoneza chithunzicho. Mwinamwake panali bukhu limodzi limene linatchula pie ya viniga, ndipo nthawi zambiri ankatha kupeĊµa nkhwangwa. Poika 0, titha kuona kuti izi ndizochitika. Nkhwangwayi imakhala pa 1869, ndipo palinso kachilombo ka 1897 ndi 1900.
Kodi palibe amene ankanena za vinyo wosasa nthawi yonse? Mwinamwake adayankhula za pies aja. Zikuoneka kuti maphikidwe akuyandama pamalo onsewa. Iwo sanagone kulemba za iwo m'mabuku, ndipo izi ndi zolepheretsa kufufuza kwa Ngram.
Zotsatira Zambiri za Ngram
Kumbukirani momwe tinanenera kuti Ngrams ikhoza kukhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yofufuza malemba? Google ikulolani kuti muwonongeke pang'ono ndi Ngram Viewer komanso. Ngati mukufuna kufufuza nsomba ndemanga mmalo mwa nsomba dzina, mungathe kuchita izi pogwiritsa ntchito malemba. Pankhaniyi, mutha kufufuza "fish_VERB"
Google imapereka mndandanda wathunthu wa malamulo omwe mungagwiritse ntchito ndi malemba ena apamwamba pa webusaiti yawo.