Sindikizani chilichonse chimene mukufuna, pamene mukuchifuna
M'zaka zingapo zapitazi, kusindikiza kwa 3D kusinthika kuchokera ku msika wachitsitsimutso kupita ku chiwonetsero chachikulu, ndi zitsanzo zoposa 150 zomwe zilipo tsopano. Kujambula kwa 3D ndi njira yopangira zinthu zomwe zimakupangitsani kuti mupange chinthu chenicheni kuchokera ku chojambula cha digito mwa kuwonjezera zowonjezera pazomwe zilipo. Zimayamba ndi chikwangwani chokonzekera, ndipo kuchokera pamenepo zosindikiza zimasiyana. Makina ena osindikizira mabuku amasungunula pulasitiki pamakina osindikiza, pamene makina akuluakulu ogulitsa ntchito amagwiritsa ntchito lasers kuti asungunuke zitsulo molondola. Chofunika kwambiri, ojambula osindikiza a 3D akuthandiza zipangizo zosiyana, kuchokera ku pulasitiki kupita ku zitsulo ndi sandstone - ndipo mndandanda wa zipangizo zothandizira zikukula chaka chilichonse.
Kusindikiza kwa 3D kumakupatsani inu kupanga zovuta 3D mapangidwe mosavuta pa mtengo otsika mtengo. Kuwonetseratu kukufulumira, ndipo chinthu chilichonse chingasinthidwe. Komabe, kupanga kwakukulu kumagula mtengo kwambiri kusiyana ndi kupanga chikhalidwe, ndipo mapeto amatha kukhala amphamvu zochepa komanso ochepa.
Ponena za matekinoloje osindikiza, pali njira zingapo. Malamulo a FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling) ndi opanga ndalama zambiri zosindikiza za 3D, ndipo amagwira ntchito ndi zipangizo zamaplasitiki monga nylon ndi ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene). Ziri zotsika mtengo, koma ndizosauka kusankha zosowa zofunikira kwambiri.
SLA (Stereolithography) ndi DLP (Digital Light Processing) zonsezi zimagwiritsa ntchito chitsime chowunikira kuti zikhazikitse utomoni wamadzi. SLA imagwiritsa ntchito laser, ndipo DLP imagwiritsa ntchito projector. Njirazi zimapanga zolengedwa zenizeni komanso zolondola, monga zodzikongoletsera ndi zojambulajambula. Zimakhala zodula kwambiri kuposa zojambula za FDM (osindikizira amakhala ochepa kwambiri ndipo njirayi silingakonzedwe pazinthu zazikulu).
Ngati simukudziwa kuti ndi mtundu wanji wa makina osindikizira a 3D omwe angakugwiritseni ntchito, pitirizani kuwerenga kuti muwone zosankha zathu zisanu ndi ziwiri zabwino kwambiri zosindikiza zomwe zingakuchititseni kupanga zinthu nthawi iliyonse.
M2 kuchokera ku Ohio-based Makergear ndi makina osindikizira a 3D omwe akuyamikiridwa chifukwa cha zomangamanga zake zonse. M2 ili ndi malo okwana 254 x 202 x 203 mm, ndipo kutalika kwake kumakhala kutalika kwa microns 20. Ndimasindikizidwe a FDM omwe amafunikira kwambiri a ABS ndi a PLA, ndipo amabweranso kusonkhanitsidwa, koma amakhalanso ndi zinthu zambiri zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yanu yosindikiza ya 3D. Mwachitsanzo, pali njira yowonetsera mkati, maulusi awiri omwe amasinthasintha.
Sizowoneka zosavuta kwambiri pa osindikiza a 3D kuti ayambe ndipo ndizokongola, kotero M2 sangakhale yabwino kwambiri ngati iyi ndi yosindikiza yanu yoyamba ya 3D. Mapangidwe ake amawoneka ofunika, koma kuphweka kumeneku kumatha kukhala mphamvu kuyambira mutha kuchigwiritsa ntchito chaka ndi chaka. Mukakhala ndi M2 yowonongeka, imapanga makina apamwamba kwambiri mofulumira. Popeza ndilo lotseguka, muli omasuka kugwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu omwe mumasankha, monga Osavuta. Zowonjezera bwino kwa wokonda zosindikizira wa 3D.
LulzBot ndi yovomerezeka chifukwa cha kuphweka kwake ndi kudalirika - mungathe kungoikankhira ndikuyamba. Bedi lake loyendetsa galimoto, kutentha kwachitsulo chonse ndi kudziyeretsa bwino kumapangitsa kuti LulzBot isagwiritsidwe ntchito mosavuta. Iwenso ili ndi gulu lolimba la ogwiritsira ntchito mmbuyo pamene mukufunikira thandizo linalake.
Kukonzekera kumasowa poyerekeza ndi Ultimaker 2, pamlingo wosachepera kutalika kwa microns 50. Ndizowonjezereka kwambiri kuposa Ultimaker 2, ndi malo omanga a 152 x 152 x 158 mm. Monga wosindikiza wa FDM 3D, ndalama zowonjezera ndizochepa. Ikhoza kusindikiza pa kutentha mpaka madigiri 300 Celsius, ndipo pulogalamuyi ikuphatikizidwa ndi Cura LulzBot Edition software ndizovuta kumvetsa komanso kugwiritsa ntchito.
Kotero chomwe sichifuna? LulzBot Mini ndi yovuta kwambiri kuposa ambiri, ndipo mosiyana ndi makina ambiri osindikiza, imafuna kugwirizanitsa nthawi zonse ndi makompyuta pamene mapepala akumaliza. Apo ayi, ndizofunikira kwambiri kwa oyamba kumene mu 3D yosindikiza.
The Printer Mini Monoprice Select Mini 3D ndiyo yabwino kwambiri yosindikiza 3D pa mndandanda ngati chiyambi choyamba. Monoprice amapereka njira yokha yogulitsa osakaniza ya 3D, koma imadzazidwa ndi zonse zomwe mungayembekezere kuchokera ku mafano ena apamwamba.
The Printer Mini Monoprice Select Mini imathandizira mitundu yonse ya filament. Makhalidwe ake otentha ndi kutentha kwake amathandiza kuti agwire ntchito ndi mafilimu monga ABS ndi PLA, komanso zipangizo zovuta kwambiri monga mitengo ndi zitsulo. The 3D Printer imabwera kuchokera mu bokosiyi ndizitsulo zonse ndipo imaphatikizapo chitsanzo cha PLA filament ndi makadi a MicroSD omwe ali ndi makina owonetsedweratu, kotero mukhoza kuyamba kusindikiza nthawi yomweyo. Ikubwera ndi chitsimikizo cha chaka chimodzi.
Patsiku lomaliza la msinkhu ndi pulogalamu yamakina othandizira pakompyuta kapena othandizira, ndipo Formlabs Fomu 2 ndi kusankha kwa gawo ili. Chinthu chatsopano cha peel ndi tank yamoto amachulukitsa kusindikiza kosasinthika. Kuwonetsera kofiira pazithunzi komanso kusayendetsa opanda waya kumapangitsa kuti anthu asamawonongeke mosavuta.
Mangani voliyumu yaying'ono kwambiri, pa 145 x 145 x 175 mm. Kutalika kwazitali kumatsalira pa microns 25. SLA yosindikiza yosungirabe imakhalabe yochepa kwambiri komanso yokwera mtengo kuposa FDM, kotero dziwani ngati mukukonzekera kusankha Fomu 2 chifukwa mukufuna kuwonjezera zolemba zanu. Zingakhale bwino kugwiritsa ntchito Fomu 2 kuti imange mbuye wabwino kwambiri ndikugwiritsanso ntchito njira zina monga jekeseni kapangidwe kapangidwe ka makina ambiri.
Ganizirani Formlabs Fomu 2 ngati mumayamikira kukula kwakukulu, chosindikizira chapamwamba chojambula ndi zowonjezera zopanda zingwe zomwe zingakupangitseni moyo wanu kukhala wosavuta tsiku ndi tsiku.
MakerBot atulutsira ophedwa a 3D printers, ndipo m'badwo wachinayi Replicator 2 akupitirizabe kukhala imodzi mwa zitsanzo zawo zabwino kwambiri. Pogwiritsa ntchito mafakitale ambiri (chitsulo chachitsulo ndi LCD screen), Replicator 2 iyenera kugwirizana bwino mu garaja la nyumba. Ndi yosindikizira yaikulu kuposa ambiri, komanso, pomanga bwino 285 x 153 x 155 mm - onetsetsani kuti muli ndi malo ake.
Printer iyi ya FDM 3D imathandiza kusindikiza kuchokera ku khadi la SD ndipo imalemba kwambiri PLA. Ndi makina owonjezera-okha; mosiyana ndi ena osindikiza osakanizidwa 3D pamsika, Replicator 2 amadziwika kuti ndi odalirika komanso amalimba. Zili zomveka, zosavuta kuzigwiritsa ntchito komanso zili ndi mapulogalamu abwino.
Pansi kumbali, palibe nsanja yotentha ndipo ndi phokoso losangalatsa. Ndizovuta komanso zoyenera kwa ogwiritsira ntchito omwe akufuna makina omwe amapita kutali.
The FlashForge Creator Pro ndipamwamba kwambiri kwa aliyense amene akuyang'ana kulowa mu 3D osindikizira popanda kugwiritsa ntchito chuma chambiri. Kawirikawiri amafotokozedwa kuti ndi "mtengo wapatali kwambiri wa ndalama," pulogalamu ya pulagi 'n' yowonjezera ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa zambiri zomwe FlashForge ikuwonekera pa mndandandawu. Malo omanga a 225 x 145 x 150 millimeters omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito ABS, PLA ndi zinthu zopanda malire zimapangitsa kutalika kwazitali mamita 100. Zimaperekedwa ndi awiri omwe amawotcha, FlashForge ndi okonzeka kusindikiza zipangizo zambiri zoyesera.
Pali ndemanga zomwe zimapanga phokoso ngati katswiri wovomerezeka, ndipo ndemanga zambiri zimalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito pulojekiti yotseguka yosindikiza pa pulogalamu ya FlashForge yomwe ilipo. Ndipo pa mapaundi 24.25, inu mukufuna kuti muyenge malo ena mu nyumba kapena mu ofesi isanafike.
Ngati mukungoyendetsa mapazi anu mu dziko la 3D osindikizira, ndiye kuti Monoprice 13860 Makereded 3D Printer V2 ndi njira yabwino yoganizira. Ngakhale makina osindikizidwa a 3D omwe ali ndi makina omwe amafunika kudziwa zamtundu wina wa chidziwitso ndi zochitika, Wopanga Chosankha amasonkhana ndi 6 zikuluzikulu zokha. Mapulogalamu ophatikizidwa a 2GB a microSD makhadi amapereka zitsanzo zosindikizidwa zowonongeka za 3D zomwe mungayese ndi zitsanzo za PLA zowonjezeranso zomwe zili m'bokosi. Ndipo kamodzi kamatuluka, zomwe mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito ndi zanu, monga Wopanga Kusankha akhoza kusindikiza ndi mtundu uliwonse wa mafilimu a 3D.
Chipinda chachikulu chopangira 8 x 8-inch ndi malo osindikizira asanu ndi awiri (7-inch spacing) amapereka malo ena osindikizira kuti azisindikiza mafano akuluakulu, ovuta kwambiri kuposa osindikizira oyamba a 3D. Chipangizo chowotcha chimapatsa makina osindikirika odalirika omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi mapulogalamu ogwira ntchito omwe ali othandiza komanso omasuka omwe amagwira ntchito ndi Windows, MacOS, ndi Linux. Zolemba pa intaneti zimalongosola zigawo zowoneka mosavuta ngati sangathe kusindikizidwa ndi 3D, komanso kusintha kwambiri kumene mungapange kwazithunzi zambiri zamaluso ndi zovuta.