Kubwereza Kwambiri: Free Software Darkroom Software kwa Mac ndi Linux

01 ya 06

Chiyambi Chodabwitsa

Sewero la Darktable for Mac ndi Linux. Malemba ndi zithunzi © Ian Pullen

Zozizwitsa zakuda: 4.5 pa nyenyezi zisanu

Mdima wamtunduwu ndiwotsegula komanso womasuka RAW kusintha kwa apulogalamu ya Apple Mac OS X ndi Linux. Dzina lake limapangidwira kuchokera ku izo potumikira mbali ziwiri zomwe ziri ngati tebulo lowala kuti liwonere zithunzi muzowonjezera ndi chipinda chamdima chakusintha mafayilo anu RAW.

Ogwiritsa ntchito OS X ali ndi njira zingapo zoti agwiritsire ntchito mafayilo awo RAW, kuphatikizapo malonda a malonda monga mawonekedwe a Adobe Lightroom ndi Apple Aperture mwiniyo ndi zina ntchito zina, monga Lightzone ndi Photivo. Ogwiritsa ntchito Linux amakhalanso ndi mwayi wa Lightzone ndi Photivo.

Chochititsa chidwi ndi chakuti, Darktable imathandizanso kuwombera mchere kuti muthe kugwirizanitsa kamera yoyanjanitsika ndikuwona mawonedwe amoyo pawindo komanso kubwereza zithunzi zanu mwamsanga mutatha kuwombera pawindo lalikulu. Komabe, ichi ndi ntchito yodziwika bwino yomwe ingakhale yothandiza kwa ochepa chabe a ogwiritsa ntchito, kotero sizomwe ndikuziganizira.

Komabe, pamasamba angapo otsatirawa ndikuyang'anitsitsa Darktable ndipo ndikuyembekeza kukupatsani lingaliro ngati ndilo ntchito yomwe ingakhale yoyenera kuti muyese kukonza chithunzi chanu chajambula.

02 a 06

Mdima Woopsa: Wotanthauzira Mtumiki

Malemba ndi zithunzi © Ian Pullen

Mdima Woopsa: Wotanthauzira Mtumiki

Kwa zaka zambiri OS X ndi mapulogalamu omwe akuyendetsa pa izo asokoneza ndondomeko ya mawonekedwe kwa ogwiritsa ntchito awo omwe analibe kusowa pa Windows. Ngakhale kuti palibe mapiri omwe alipo lero pakati pa mapulatifomu awiriwa, ndimakhala ndikugwirabe ntchito pa OS X ndikumvetsetsa bwino.

Poyamba ndikuwonekeratu, ndikuwoneka kuti ndikuwoneka kuti ndikuwoneka bwino komanso ndikuwoneka bwino, koma ndiri ndi nkhawa zomwe mawonekedwe ndi ntchito sizili bwino momwe angathere. Mitu yamdima ndi yotchuka kwambiri ndi mapulogalamu ambiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito masiku ano komanso pa iMac yathu, zotsatira zake za Darktable ndizobisika komanso zopambana. Komabe patsiku lachitatu lomwe likuyang'aniridwa ndi Mac Pro yathu, kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa zingwe zoyera kumatanthauza kuti maonekedwe azing'ono sanayende patali kwambiri pazinthu za mawonekedwe kuti asakanizane popanda kuzindikira.

Kuonjezera kuwala kwazomwe sikunagwedezeke kunathandiza kuthana ndi vutoli ndipo izi mwina sizomwe zingakhudze ambiri ogwiritsa ntchito, koma zingakhale zofunikira kwa ena ogwiritsa ntchito masomphenya opanda ungwiro. Mofananamo, kukula kwa mausayiti muzinthu zina za mawonekedwe, monga pamene mukufufuzira mafayilo, ndizochepa pazithunzi zazing'ono ndipo zingapangitse kuwerenga kosavuta kwa ogwiritsa ntchito.

03 a 06

Mdima Woopsa: Wowala

Malemba ndi zithunzi © Ian Pullen

Mdima Woopsa: Wowala

Zenera zowonjezera zili ndi zinthu zambiri zomwe zingakuthandizeni kuyang'anira laibulale yanu yajambula mkati mwa Darktable. Chigawo chapakati pawindo chimakutetezani kuti muwonere zithunzi mu foda yosankhidwa, ndi kusintha kosavuta kuti musinthe kukula kwa thumbnail.

Kumbali zonse za gulu lalikulu ndizitsulo zopanda pake, zomwe zili ndi zinthu zambiri. Kumanzere, mukhoza kutumiza mafayilo a fayilo, mafoda okwanira kapena kuyenda maulumikizidwe. M'munsimu ndizojambula zithunzi zojambulajambula ndipo izi ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yofufuzira zithunzi zosiyana siyana, monga kamera yogwiritsidwa ntchito, lens yomwe ili pambali ndi zina monga ISO. Kuphatikizidwa ndi mawu achinsinsi olemba malingaliro, izi zingathe kupititsa njira yanu kudzera mulaibulale yanu yazithunzi mosavuta kwambiri ndi momwe mumasaka ma fayilo.

Mu dzanja lamanja mulipo zinthu zingapo zosangalatsa zomwe zilipo. Mapulogalamu a Masitala amakulolani kuti muyang'ane miyendo yanu yosungidwa - izi ndizokonzedweratu kuti zigwiritsenso ntchito zithunzi pangopanda imodzi yomwe mumalenga posunga Mbiri Yakale ya Chithunzi chomwe mwakhala mukugwirapo. Muli ndi mwayi wogulitsa ndi kutumiza mafashoni kuti mutha kugawana nawo ndi ena ogwiritsa ntchito.

Muli ndi mapepala angapo omwe ali ndi ufulu wokonza masadata a zithunzi ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ma tags ku zithunzi. Mutha kufotokoza ma tags atsopano pa ntchentche yomwe mungagwiritsenso ntchito pazithunzi zina. Gawo lomalizira kumanja ndilokugwiritsira ntchito ndipo mwa njira zina izi ndizowuntha kwambiri kwa ogwiritsa ntchito omwe makamera salemba ma data GPS. Ngati muli ndi chipangizo china chimene chidzayang'ana zokhudzana ndi izi ndi kutulutsa fayilo ya GPX, mukhoza kuitumiza ku Darktable ndipo ntchitoyi idzayesa kufanana ndi zithunzi ku malo mu GPX mafayilo pogwiritsa ntchito timasampampu ya chithunzi.

04 ya 06

Mdima wamdima: Darkroom

Malemba ndi zithunzi © Ian Pullen

Mdima wamdima: Darkroom

Kwa ambiri okonda chithunzi, zenera la Darkroom lidzakhala lofunika kwambiri pa Darktable ndipo ndikuganiza kuti ochepa ogwiritsira ntchito adzakhumudwa pano.

Monga momwe mungayembekezere ndi ntchito yamphamvu iliyonse, pali pangodya pang'ono, koma ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri omwe ali ndi mapulogalamu ofananawa amatha kukumana ndi zinthu zambiri mofulumira komanso popanda kuthandizira mafayilo.

Ndi gulu la Mbiri kumanzere kwa chithunzi chogwira ntchito ndi zida zosinthika zomwe ziri kumanja, dongosolo lidzamveke bwino kwa ogwiritsa ntchito Lightroom. Pamene mukugwira ntchito pa fano mungathe kusunga zosavuta zomwe zimakupatsani kulinganitsa magawo osiyanasiyana a processing yanu kuti mutsimikizire kuti mutha ndi zotsatira zabwino zomwe zingatheke. Mukhozanso kuona mbiri yonse ya ntchito yanu pansipa ndi kubwereranso kumbuyo nthawi iliyonse.

Monga tanenera, dzanja lamanja ndilo nyumba zowonongeka zosiyana siyana ndipo pali ma modules osiyanasiyana omwe alipo pano. Zina mwa izi mutembenukira ku fano lililonse limene mumakonza, pamene ena mungathe kuchita zambiri.

Pali chinthu china chosangalatsa kwambiri pa ma modules omwe sindikuganiza kuti akudumpha mwamsanga, koma ndikuwona kuti ndiwothandiza kwambiri. Mukhoza kulenga zochitika zambiri pa gawo lililonse ndipo izi ndizoyendetsedwe kazomwe zimasinthidwa, ndi gawo liri lonse lokhala ndi machitidwe osokoneza omwe amachotsedwa mwachinsinsi. Zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kuyesa zosiyana pa mtundu umodzi wa moduli ndikusinthasintha pakati pa nthawi kuti muyerekeze kapena kuphatikizapo mapulogalamu ambiri ofanana, pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyana. Izi zimapangitsa zinthu zosiyanasiyana kuti zitheke. Chinthu chimodzi chaching'ono chimene chilibe ichi kwa ine ndi chofanana ndi malo osanjikizika omwe angakhale njira yophweka yochepetsera mphamvu ya zotsatira zake.

Ma modules ali ndi mitundu yowonongeka yomwe mungayembekezere kupeza, monga kuwonetsetsa, kukulitsa ndi kuyera koyera, koma palinso zowonjezera zowonjezera monga kugawanika, mafilimu ndi mafilimu a Velvia. Ma modules osiyanasiyana amachititsa kuti ogwiritsa ntchito athe kuganizira kwambiri momwe angagwiritsire ntchito mafano kutsogolo kapena kupeza zambiri zowalenga ndi kuyesera ndi ntchito yawo.

Chinachake chimene ndapeza kuti ndikusowa mu nthawi yanga yaying'ono chinali mtundu uliwonse wa dongosolo lokonzekera kupyola pa Stack History. Ndizowoneka kuti ndikusindikizira Cmd + Z mutatha kusintha ndondomeko yamtundu umodzi kuti mutembenuzirenso kubwerera kumbuyo ngati ndikuwona kuti kusintha sikusintha fano. Komabe, izo sizikhala ndi zotsatira mu Njira Yowopsya ndipo njira yokhayo yothetsera kusinthika kotero ndikuchita motero, kutanthauza kuti muyenera kukumbukira choyamba kukhala nokha. Mbiri Yakale imawoneka kuti ikungoyang'anila ndondomeko ya module iliyonse yomwe yowonjezedwa kapena yosinthidwa. Ichi ndi chaching'ono cha Achille Chingwe cha Darktable ndipo ngati njira yozengereza zizindikiro zimayambira kuti pakhale njira yotere monga 'Low', zaka ziwiri pambuyo poti munthu wogwiritsa ntchito ndemanga pa izi, mwinamwake sizomwe zikupita kusintha posachedwa.

Ngakhale mulibe chida chodzipatulira, malo ochotserako amakulolani kuti mupange kusintha koyambirira kwa machiritso. Siyo njira yamphamvu kwambiri, koma iyenera kukhala yokwanira pa zosowa zina zofunika, ngakhale kuti mwinamwake muyenera kutumiza kwa mkonzi monga GIMP kapena Photoshop kwa milandu yowonjezera. Koma mwachilungamo, ndemanga yomweyo ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ku Lightroom.

05 ya 06

Zosasintha: Mapu

Malemba ndi zithunzi © Ian Pullen

Zosasintha: Mapu

Monga ndanenera kumayambiriro, sindikuyang'anitsitsa njira yowonjezereka ndipo ndikudutsa pawindo lakumapeto lomwe liri Mapu.

Ngati chithunzi chili ndi deta yomwe ikugwiritsidwa ntchito, idzawonetsedwa pa mapu omwe angakhale njira yodalirika yopitira kudzera mulaibulale yanu. Komabe, pokhapokha ngati kamera yanu ikugwiritsira ntchito ma data a GPS pa zithunzi kapena mutayambitsa vuto lojambula ndiyeno mukugwirizana ndi mafayilo a GPX ndi zithunzi zoitanidwa, muyenera kuwonjezera deta yanu pamanja.

Zikondwerero ndizosavuta ngati kukokera chithunzi kuchokera pa filimuyo pa filimu pamunsi pa chinsalu pa mapu ndikuchiponya pamalo oyenera.

Mwachindunji, Open Street Map ndi wopereka mapu omwe akuwonetsedwa, koma muli ndi njira zambiri zomwe mungasankhe, ngakhale mukusowa intaneti kuti mugwiritse ntchito mbaliyi. Ndi mawonedwe a satellite a Google akuphatikizapo mwayi, ndizotheka kupeza malo olondola kwambiri pomwe pali zizindikiro zoyenera kuti ziweruzidwe.

06 ya 06

Mdima Woopsya: Kutsiriza

Malemba ndi zithunzi © Ian Pullen

Mdima Woopsya: Kutsiriza

Ndinagwiritsa ntchito Darktable kamodzi kokha ndipo sindinayambe kuigwiritsa ntchito ndipo sindinayembekezere kugwa chifukwa cha kuyang'anitsitsa. Komabe, ndaziwona kuti ndi phukusi lochititsa chidwi kwambiri kuposa momwe ndinkayembekezera. Ndikuganiza kuti mwina mbali ya izi ndizomwe sizikuwoneka bwino monga momwe zikutanthawuzira kuti mukufunikira kuwerenga zolembazo kuti mumvetsetse mphamvu zonse za Darktable. Mwachitsanzo, batani lopulumutsa mafashoni ndizithunzi zazing'ono zomwe zatsala pang'ono pansi pa gulu la Mbiri.

Komabe, zolembazo ndi zabwino ndipo, mosiyana ndi mapulojekiti ena otseguka, zonsezi zimalembedwa bwino, kutanthauza kuti mungagwiritse ntchito zinthu zonse popanda kudzipezera nokha.

Mosiyana ndi otembenuza ena a RAW, palibe njira yowonetsera kusintha kwanthawiyi, ngakhale kuti pulogalamuyi ikuyambitsa masking yomwe ikuwoneka ngati ikubweretsa chida chatsopano champhamvu pazowonjezereka pamene akuwonjezeredwa ku vutolo. Ndikufuna kuwonanso chida chothandizira kwambiri chophatikizapo panthawi ina.

Ngakhale kuti dongosolo lokonzanso likanakhala pa mndandanda wokhumba zanga, zikuwoneka kuti izi sizichitika mofulumira, ngati zili choncho. Ndikumva kuti izo zimachotsa zochitika zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, komabe ndikudziwa kuti ambiri ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kuzizoloŵera mwamsanga ndipo angaphunzire kulingalira mwatsatanetsatane mndandanda wosasintha musanayambe kusintha.

Zonsezi, ndapeza Darktable kukhala pulogalamu yapamwamba kwambiri ya mapulogalamu kwa ojambula akuyang'ana kupanga mafayilo awo RAW komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zojambula zambiri. Idzasamaliranso kayendedwe ka laibulale yaikulu ya zithunzi mu njira zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo malo.

Panthawiyi, pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zimachotsa pazomwe zimachitikira ogwiritsa ntchito; Komabe, ngakhale ndikutero, ndavotera Darktable pa 4.5 pa nyenyezi zisanu ndipo ndikukhulupirira kuti imapereka njira yabwino kwambiri kwa ogwiritsira ntchito Mac OS X.

Mukhoza kukopera buku la Darktable laulere kuchokera ku http://www.darktable.org/install.