Faili Loyendetsa Faili (FTP) limakulolani kumasulira maofesi pakati pa makompyuta awiri pogwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu yowonongeka yochokera pa intaneti . FTP ndilogwiritsiridwa ntchito potchula njira yokopera mafayilo pogwiritsa ntchito luso la FTP.
Mbiri ndi momwe FTP Ikugwirira Ntchito
FTP inakhazikitsidwa m'zaka za m'ma 1970 ndi 1980 kuti zithandizire kufalitsa mafayilo pa TCP / IP ndi mabungwe akuluakulu. Pulogalamuyo imatsatira mchitidwe wogwiritsa ntchito makasitomala . Kutumiza mafayilo ndi FTP, wogwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu ya kasitomala ya FTP ndikuyambitsa kulumikiza ku kompyuta yakutali yothamanga seva ya FTP. Pambuyo kugwirizana kumeneku, kasitomala angasankhe kutumiza ndi / kapena kulandira makope a mafayilo, singly kapena magulu.
Oyambirira FTP makasitomala anali mapulogalamu a mzere wolamulira machitidwe opangira Unix; Ogwiritsa ntchito Unix ankathamanga pulogalamu ya "linep" yopanga mndandanda wa malamulo kuti agwirizane ndi ma seva a FTP ndipo akhoza kuwongolera kapena kukopera mafayilo. Kusiyana kwa FTP yotchedwa Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) kunakonzedwanso kuti zithandize makompyuta otsika otsiriza. TFTP imapereka chithandizo chimodzimodzi monga FTP koma ndi pulogalamu yowonjezera komanso malamulo a malamulo omwe amatha kugwira ntchito zambiri zowonjezera mafayilo.Pamenepo, Windows FTP makasitomala software adadziwika ngati ogwiritsira ntchito Microsoft Windows akusankhidwa kukhala ndi mafilimu kwa ma FTP.
Seva ya FTP imamvetsera pa doko la TCP 21 chifukwa cha zopempha zogwirizana kuchokera kwa makasitomala a FTP. Seva amagwiritsa ntchito chitukuko kuti athetse kuyanjanitsa ndi kutsegula phukusi losiyana pofuna kusamutsa deta.
Mmene Mungagwiritsire Ntchito FTP kwa Kugawana Fayilo
Kuti ugwirizane ndi seva ya FTP, kasitomala amafuna dzina ndi dzina lachinsinsi monga mwadongosolo wa seva. Malo ambiri otchedwa FTP amatetezedwa koma samatsatira msonkhano wapadera womwe umalola aliyense wogwiritsa ntchito "osadziwika" ngati dzina lake. Kwa malo ena onse a FTP kapena apadera, makasitomala amadziwika ndi seva la FTP ndi adresi yake ya IP (monga 192.168.0.1) kapena dzina lake loyitana (monga ftp.about.com).
Makasitomala ochepa a FTP ali ndi mawonekedwe ambiri ogwiritsira ntchito makina , koma ambiri mwa makasitomala (monga FTP.EXE pa Windows) amathandizira mawonekedwe a mzere wosagwirizana. Ambiri makasitomala amtundu wina wa FTP akhala akukonzedwa kuti athandize zojambula zojambulajambula (GUIs) ndi zina zowonjezera.
FTP imathandizira njira ziwiri zoyendetsera deta: malemba omveka (ASCII), ndi amphindi. Mumayika njira mu kasitomala wa FTP. Cholakwika chofala pamene mukugwiritsa ntchito FTP ndikuyesera kusinthitsa fayilo yamabina (monga pulogalamu kapena fayilo ya nyimbo) pamene mukulemba mauthenga, kuchititsa fayilo yosamutsidwa kukhala yosagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Njira Zina kwa FTP
Mapulogalamu a Peer-to-Peer (P2P) ogawa mafayilo monga BitTorrent amapereka mawonekedwe apamwamba komanso otetezeka a kugawa mafayili kuposa teknoloji ya FTP. Zowonjezeranso zamakono zamakono zogawa mafayilo monga Box ndi Dropbox zathetsa kwambiri kufunika kwa FTP pa intaneti.